Which observational method involves noting the number of times that a behavior occurs?

The method that involves noting the number of times a behavior occurs is known as frequency counting. This observational technique is used to quantify specific behaviors by tallying each instance that the behavior happens within a set time frame. Frequency counts are particularly useful in music therapy as they can provide clear data on the effectiveness and prevalence of specific behaviors or responses from clients during sessions. By counting how often a behavior occurs, the therapist can assess progress or changes over time, helping to inform treatment decisions and adaptations.

Duration recording focuses on how long a behavior lasts rather than how many times it happens, while interval time-sampling involves observing whether a behavior occurs within predetermined intervals of time rather than counting each instance directly. The reliability coefficient is a statistical measure used to assess the consistency or stability of a measurement, rather than an observational method itself. Therefore, frequency counting is the most appropriate method for specifically tracking the occurrence of behaviors.