Which description best fits the condition known as mania?

The description of mania is best characterized by high energy and racing thoughts. This mood state is typically associated with conditions such as bipolar disorder, where an individual experiences an elevated or irritable mood, often with increased activity levels. During a manic episode, a person may feel an exaggerated sense of self-esteem, engage in impulsive behaviors, and exhibit rapid speech and thoughts that may feel chaotic or disorganized. These features distinguish mania from other mood disorders, which are characterized by depressive symptoms like sadness, withdrawal, or hopelessness.

In contrast, the other options describe depressive states or symptoms commonly associated with depression and not mania. For example, extreme sadness and withdrawal reflect depressive episodes, while loss of interest in normal activities and consistent feelings of hopelessness are also indicative of a depressive mood rather than the heightened state of being experienced in mania.