What term describes the frequencies that sound above the fundamental tone of a pitch?

The term that describes the frequencies that sound above the fundamental tone of a pitch is "overtones." Overtones are the additional frequencies that accompany a fundamental frequency when a musical note is played.

While the fundamental frequency is the lowest frequency and is perceived as the main pitch, overtones contribute to the timbre and richness of the sound. These frequencies are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency, and their presence creates the unique character of an instrument or voice.

Harmonics are closely related to overtones, as they refer specifically to the frequencies that are whole number multiples of the fundamental frequency. However, the term "overtones" generally encompasses all frequencies above the fundamental, making it the more accurate choice in this context.

Resonances refer to the amplification of certain frequencies due to physical structures, rather than describing the relationships between fundamental and additional frequencies, and fundamentals specifically refer to the primary pitch itself rather than the frequencies above it.