What term describes the capacity to make decisions and execute actions with intention?

The term that describes the capacity to make decisions and execute actions with intention is referred to as executive function. This cognitive process involves a range of mental skills that include working memory, flexible thinking, and self-control. Executive function is essential for goal-directed behavior, allowing individuals to plan, organize, and take action effectively.

It encompasses the ability to respond to stimuli in a thoughtful manner, manage time, and adjust behavior according to changing situations. This capacity is crucial across various aspects of life, including learning, social interactions, and emotional regulation, making it a vital area of focus in both education and therapeutic settings.

The other terms listed do not accurately reflect the meaning of decision-making capacity with intention. Etiology pertains to the cause or origin of a disease, intellectual disability refers to a condition characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning, and genetic abnormality denotes variations in genes that can lead to specific physical or mental health issues. None of these terms encapsulate the broad cognitive processes involved in executive function.