What is the hallmark feature of clinical depression?

The hallmark feature of clinical depression is characterized by a significant loss of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities, a symptom known as anhedonia. This key indicator serves as a central aspect of depression, reflecting how the condition profoundly impacts a person's emotional state and desire to engage in life as they once did. Individuals experiencing depression often find that the activities that used to bring joy no longer hold any appeal, leading to a decline in participation in social events, hobbies, and even self-care.

While feelings of excessive happiness, increased motivation, and energy, as well as isolated social interactions, may occur in different contexts or conditions, they do not accurately represent the core experience of someone dealing with clinical depression. Such experiences might even suggest another diagnosis or condition that is distinct from the profound emotional dysregulation and disinterest hallmark of depression.