Bipolar disorder is characterized by which of the following mood patterns?

Bipolar disorder is characterized by the presence of both depressive and manic episodes, making it essential to recognize the cyclic nature of mood changes in this condition. In bipolar disorder, individuals experience significant shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. During manic episodes, a person may feel extremely energized, overly elated, or highly irritable, often leading to impulsive or risky behaviors. Conversely, during depressive episodes, individuals may experience profound sadness, hopelessness, low energy, and a lack of interest in activities they once enjoyed. This combination of manic and depressive episodes distinguishes bipolar disorder from other mood disorders and contributes to its complexity in treatment and management. Understanding this pattern is crucial for effective diagnosis, intervention planning, and the development of strategies aimed at supporting individuals with bipolar disorder through music therapy and other treatments.